Has there been a commercial delivery of a resource from the Moon, an asteroid, or Mars?
No commercial delivery in this dataset.
Scientific sampling, a processing demonstration and commercial delivery are separate steps. None of the 38 organizations or 36 resource missions in this dataset documents a commercial delivery of a resource taken from the Moon, an asteroid or Mars. The records were checked between 2026-09-25 and 2026-09-26. This describes these records, and is not proof that nothing exists outside them.
Any claim of commercial extraction is held for a separate evidence review before it can enter this dataset. That review has not accepted such a claim, which is not the same as showing every such claim is false.
Words matter here. Collecting samples for science, testing a processing method and selling a resource are separate steps. The activity ladder explains each one.
The furthest steps reached
Records whose highest supported evidence is at each of the upper steps.
Processing demo: extraction demo
- MOXIE (Mars Oxygen In-Situ Resource Utilization Experiment)NASA instrument on the Perseverance rover that produced oxygen from Martian atmospheric carbon dioxide by solid oxide electrolysis. First production was on 20 April 2021 (about 5 grams); by…
Sampled: material collected
- Honeybee RoboticsSpace robotics and mechanisms company (Altadena, California and Longmont, Colorado) that builds sampling and drilling hardware, including NASA's TRIDENT drill (flown in PRIME-1 on IM-2 and…
- Chang'e-5Chinese lunar sample-return mission launched on 24 November 2020 (Beijing time) that landed near Mons Ruemker in Oceanus Procellarum on 1 December 2020 and returned about 1,731 grams of…
- Chang'e-6Chinese lunar far-side sample-return mission launched on 3 May 2024 that landed in the South Pole-Aitken basin on 2 June 2024 and returned 1,935.3 grams on 25 June 2024. A 2025…
- Firefly Blue Ghost Mission 1 (Ghost Riders in the Sky)Firefly's Blue Ghost lander launched 2025-01-15, landed in Mare Crisium on 2025-03-02 and operated for more than 14 days; among its NASA payloads, Honeybee Robotics' Lunar PlanetVac…
- OSIRIS-REx (Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and Security-Regolith Explorer)NASA spacecraft launched on 8 September 2016 that collected material from near-Earth asteroid Bennu and delivered 121.6 grams to Earth on 24 September 2023. NASA's initial analysis reported…
Detected: seen remotely
- Chandrayaan-1India's first lunar orbiter, launched on 22 October 2008 on PSLV-C11 and operated until contact was lost on 29 August 2009. It carried NASA's Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3), whose spectra…
- LCROSS (Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite)NASA spacecraft launched with the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter on 18 June 2009. On 9 October 2009 its spent Centaur upper stage struck the permanently shadowed floor of Cabeus crater near…
Resource-specific authorizations
3 government acts issued under laws written for space resource activities, and what happened to the missions they cover.
| Country | Holder and mission | Instrument | Granted | Linked mission |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Japan | Japan Space Resources Act permit to ispace for HAKUTO-R Mission 1 (2022)Holder: ispace, inc. | Space resources authorization | 2022-11-04Granted | HAKUTO-R Mission 1 (ispace M1 lander)Flew. Outcome: failure |
| Luxembourg | Luxembourg space resources mission authorisation to ispace EUROPE S.A. for the TENACIOUS micro-rover (2024)Holder: ispace EUROPE S.A. | Space resources authorization | 2024-11-22Granted | TENACIOUS micro-rover (ispace-EUROPE)Flew. Outcome: failure |
| Japan | Japan Space Resources Act permit to ispace for Mission 2 (RESILIENCE) (2024)Holder: ispace, inc. | Space resources authorization | 2024-12-17Granted | SMBC x HAKUTO-R Venture Moon (ispace Mission 2, RESILIENCE lander)Flew. Outcome: failure |
What is scheduled next
11 missionsPlanned dates are stated targets and often slip. Full upcoming view.
| Mission | Operator | Planned launch |
|---|---|---|
| Griffin Mission One (Griffin-1, NASA Moon Base II) | Astrobotic Technology | Planned 2026 H2 (target)Date detailsAnnouncement date not recorded. Record checked 2026-09-25. |
| METAL multispectral camera (Interlune / NASA Ames) on Griffin-1 | Interlune | Planned 2026 H2 (target)Date detailsAnnouncement date not recorded. Record checked 2026-09-25. |
| DeepSpace-2 | AstroForge | Planned 2027 (target)Date detailsAnnouncement date not recorded. Record checked 2026-09-26. |
| Firefly Blue Ghost Mission 2 (Riders 2 the Dark) | Firefly Aerospace | Planned, no earlier than 2027Date detailsAnnouncement date not recorded. Record checked 2026-09-25. |
| PROSPECT (Package for Resource Observation, in-Situ Prospecting for Exploration, Characterisation & Testing) | European Space Agency | Planned 2027 (target)Date detailsAnnouncement date not recorded. Record checked 2026-09-25. |
| LUPEX / Chandrayaan-5 (Lunar Polar Exploration mission) | Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Indian Space Research Organisation | Planned, no earlier than 2028Date detailsAnnouncement date not recorded. Record checked 2026-09-25. |
| Emirates Mission to the Asteroid Belt (EMA) / MBR Explorer | UAE Space Agency | Planned 2028-03 (window)Date detailsAnnouncement date not recorded. Record checked 2026-09-25. |
| Chang'e-8 | China National Space Administration | Planned 2029 (target)Date detailsAnnouncement date not recorded. Record checked 2026-09-25. |
| ispace Mission 4 (ULTRA lander; formerly Mission 6) | ispace, inc. | Planned 2029 (target)Date detailsAnnouncement date not recorded. Record checked 2026-09-25. |
| MAGPIE (Mission for Advanced Geophysics and Polar Ice Exploration) rover | ispace EUROPE S.A. | Planned 2029 (target)Date detailsAnnouncement date not recorded. Record checked 2026-09-25. |
| Intuitive Machines CLPS south-pole delivery (2026 award, 2030 target) | Intuitive Machines | Planned 2030 (target)Date detailsAnnouncement date not recorded. Record checked 2026-09-25. |