SpaceMiningData
SpacecraftMoonCancelled

Masten Mission One (XL-1 lander, NASA CLPS task order TO19C)

Planned Masten XL-1 lander flight to the lunar south pole carrying NASA instruments, several aimed at lunar volatiles and resources (MSolo, NIRVSS, the Neutron Spectrometer System on MoonRanger, L-CIRiS); it never launched. NASA's Inspector General reports the task order was terminated after Masten's 2022 bankruptcy, with USD 66.1 million already paid.

Objective. Deliver and operate NASA instruments to characterize south-polar surface composition and volatiles, including hydrogen as an indicator of buried water, and (separately contracted) collect a regolith sample for sale to NASA.

Targeted

Facts

Kind
Spacecraft
Mission type
Prospecting
Target
Moonlunar south pole
Launch
Former plan: 2023-11
Historical. The mission was cancelled.
Launch vehicle
SpaceX (vehicle not specified in retrieved sources)
Phase
CancelledNASA OIG report IG-24-013 (2024-06-06) states two CLPS task orders were terminated, one of which had been paid USD 66.1 million of USD 81.3 million (Masten's), and that Masten's payloads will be assigned to future CLPS or Artemis missions.
Outcome
Not applicable
Why it is included
Carries a resource instrument

Outcome statement (agency statement)

As a result of this bankruptcy, NASA lost the $66 million in milestone payments made to Masten and is in the process of settling recoveries.

Participants

Operators, payload owners, carriers and customers are recorded separately.

Resources and evidence

ResourceEvidence
Water iceTargeted
VolatilesTargeted
RegolithTargeted

Dated events

  1. 2020-12-03

    NASA lunar regolith purchase contract to Masten Space Systems, $15,000

    NASA selected Masten Space Systems to collect lunar regolith and transfer ownership in place to NASA for $15,000, following a planned 2023 South Pole landing. Masten never flew a lunar lander; Masten filed for Chapter 11 in July 2022; Astrobotic announced in September 2022 that it had acquired Masten, and the company was later liquidated under a Chapter 11 plan. The fate of this contract is not documented in retrieved sources.

    Sources (5) and evidence gaps
    1. NASAGovernment recordPublished 2020-12-03Accessed 2026-09-25Supports: subject ids, date
      NASA has selected four companies to collect space resources and transfer ownership to the agency: Lunar Outpost of Golden, Colorado; Masten Space Systems of Mojave, California; ispace Europe of Luxembourg; and ispace Japan of Tokyo.
      Quote matched the source text when accessed.
    2. NASAGovernment recordPublished 2020-12-03Accessed 2026-09-25Supports: amount
      Masten Space Systems proposed collection for $15,000 following arrival in 2023 of a lander to the lunar South Pole.
      Quote matched the source text when accessed.
    3. Astrobotic TechnologyCompany statementPublished 2022-09-13Accessed 2026-09-25Supports: summary
      Astrobotic announces today the acquisition of Masten Space Systems
      Quote matched the source text when accessed.
    4. CourtListener (RECAP of PACER)Court or regulatory filingAccessed 2026-09-25Supports: summary
      Chapter 11 Voluntary Petition . Fee Amount $1738. Filed by Masten Space Systems, Inc.
      Quote matched the source text when accessed.
    5. CourtListener (RECAP of PACER)Court or regulatory filingAccessed 2026-09-25Supports: summary
      Notice of Entry of Order Confirming, and Occurrence of Effective Date of Modified Combined Disclosure Statement and Chapter 11 Plan of Liquidation of Masten Space Systems, Inc.
      Quote matched the source text when accessed.
    • Termination, assignment, or other disposition of Masten's regolith contract after the 2022 acquisition not found in any primary source.
  2. 2020-04-08

    NASA CLPS task order to Masten Space Systems for south-pole delivery (USD 75.9 million)

    NASA awarded Masten a USD 75.9 million CLPS task order to deliver eight payloads (nine instruments), several resource-related, to the lunar south pole; NASA OIG later reported the value grew to USD 81.3 million and the task order was terminated.

    Sources (3)
    1. NASAGovernment recordPublished 2020-04-08Accessed 2026-09-25Supports: amount, date
      The $75.9 million award includes end-to-end services for delivery of the instruments
      Quote matched the source text when accessed.
    2. NASA Office of Inspector GeneralGovernment recordPublished 2024-06-06Accessed 2026-09-25Supports: summary
      Further, two task orders were terminated, one of which had already been paid $66.1 million of the $81.3 million task order value based on milestones performed.
      Quote matched the source text when accessed.
    3. NASA Office of Inspector GeneralGovernment recordPublished 2024-06-06Accessed 2026-09-25Supports: summary
      As a result of this bankruptcy, NASA lost the $66 million in milestone payments made to Masten and is in the process of settling recoveries.
      Quote matched the source text when accessed.

Open evidence gaps

  • Exact date of NASA's termination of task order TO19C not found.
  • Masten's own mission page (masten.aero) unreachable; specific landing site (reported elsewhere as near Haworth crater) not confirmed from a retrieved primary source.
  • Status of the separate USD 15,000 NASA regolith-purchase contract after the bankruptcy not found.

Record history

changes to this record's facts, newest first

ChangedFieldWasNowReasonSource
2022phaseIn developmentCancelledSource update[4]
2021launch date2022 (NASA award; Dec 2022 per Masten)2023-11Schedule slip[6]

Sources

7 sources
  1. NASAGovernment recordPublished 2020-04-08Accessed 2026-09-25Supports: participants, target site, launch date
    NASA has selected Masten Space Systems of Mojave, California, to deliver and operate eight payloads - with nine science and technology instruments - to the Moon's South Pole in 2022
    Quote matched the source text when accessed.
  2. NASAGovernment recordPublished 2020-04-08Accessed 2026-09-25Supports: inclusion basis, resources
    Mass Spectrometer Observing Lunar Operations ( MSolo ) is a device to measure potentially accessible resources on the Moon's surface.
    Quote matched the source text when accessed.
  3. NASAGovernment recordPublished 2020-04-08Accessed 2026-09-25Supports: resources, objective
    The MoonRanger will carry the Neutron Spectrometer System , which will measure the concentration of hydrogen in the Moon's regolith - a possible indication of the existence of buried water.
    Quote matched the source text when accessed.
  4. NASA Office of Inspector GeneralGovernment recordPublished 2024-06-06Accessed 2026-09-25Supports: phase, status basis
    Further, two task orders were terminated, one of which had already been paid $66.1 million of the $81.3 million task order value based on milestones performed.
    Quote matched the source text when accessed.
  5. NASA Office of Inspector GeneralGovernment recordPublished 2024-06-06Accessed 2026-09-25Supports: outcome
    As a result of this bankruptcy, NASA lost the $66 million in milestone payments made to Masten and is in the process of settling recoveries.
    Quote matched the source text when accessed.
  6. Spaceflight NowPressPublished 2022-07-29Accessed 2026-09-25Supports: launch date, history
    Masten last year announced the launch of its first lunar mission - called Masten Mission One - would be delayed nearly a year to November 2023.
    Quote matched the source text when accessed.
  7. Spaceflight NowPressPublished 2022-07-29Accessed 2026-09-25Supports: launch vehicle, participants
    Masten selected SpaceX to launch its XL-1 lunar lander mission, and owes the launch provider $4.6 million.
    Quote matched the source text when accessed.